Introduction

The fundamental concept of the book is to explain how to make thin film solar cells from the abundant solar energy materials by low cost. The proper and optimized growth conditions are very essential while sandwiching thin films to make solar cell otherwise secondary phases play a role to undermine the working function of solar cells.

Growth and Characterization

The book illustrates growth and characterization of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film absorbers and their solar cells. The fabrication process of absorber layers by either vacuum or non-vacuum process is readily elaborated in the book, which helps for further development of cells.

Analysis Techniques

The characterization analyses such as XPS, XRD, SEM, AFM etc., lead to tailor the physical properties of the absorber layers to fit well for the solar cells. The role of secondary phases such as ZnS, Cu2-xS, SnS etc., which are determined by XPS, XRD or Raman, in the absorber layers is promptly discussed.

Optical and Electrical Properties

The optical spectroscopy analysis, which finds band gap and optical constants of the films, is mentioned in the book. The electrical properties of the absorbers deal with the influence of substrates, growth temperature, impurities, secondary phases etc. The low temperature I-V and C-V measurements of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film solar cells are clearly described.

Solar Cell Parameters and Band Structure

The solar cell parameters such as efficiency, fill factor, series resistance, parallel resistance provide valuable information to understand the physics mechanism of thin film solar cells in the book. The band structure, which supports adjusting interface states at the p-n junction of the solar cells, is given.

Additional Topics

On the other hand, the role of window layers with the solar cells is discussed. The simulation of the theoretical efficiency of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 thin film solar cells explains how much efficiency can be experimentally extracted from the cells.

Research and Development

One of the first books exploring how to conduct research on thin film solar cells, including reducing costs. Detailed instructions on conducting research are provided.