Introduction

I wrote this memoir because many of my colleagues suggested, while I was working for Lao and Hmong communities inside and outside Laos for decades, that I should tell the young generations what happened and why some five hundred thousand Lao citizens became refugees and immigrated to Western countries.

My Experiences

I noted what I remembered and what I faced while I was working for the Royal Lao Government because I was one of the regular officers. My civil grade and military rank were given by the king of Laos, which we called royal ordinance.

Purpose of the Memoir

I hope that this work would help our young generations in doing some research. May it help them accomplish their goals and the works that they need to accomplish.

Thank you for reading this memoir.