Introduction

This Element introduces the areas that second language (L2) pragmatics research has investigated. It begins with a theme-based review of the field with respect to L2 pragmatics learning, teaching, and assessing.

Pragmatics Learning

The section on pragmatics learning examines studies on learners' pragmatic production and perception, and analyzes research modalities in this field.

Pragmatics Teaching

The section on pragmatics teaching examines the effects of and different approaches to L2 pragmatics instruction.

Pragmatics Assessing

The section on pragmatics assessing examines the aspects involved in testing learners' pragmatic competence, and studies on issues related to validity and rating in pragmatics assessing.

Additional Research and Case Studies

The Element then analyzes studies exploring learners' cognitive processes during pragmatic performance, and case studies are provided to showcase two ongoing projects, one investigating advanced learners' self-praise on social media and the other investigating lingua franca pragmatics among children.

Future Directions

Finally, the Element offers some topics and questions for future research in L2 pragmatics.