Introduction

The stories of these conflicts, with their scores of killings, torture, reprisals and long-lasting bitterness are told concisely in this book.

Easter 1916 – the rebellion which took place in Ireland 90 years ago was arguably the most momentous event in this country's history.

The War of Independence – the guerrilla war, characterised by marvellous courage and miserable cruelty.

The Civil War – few episodes in Irish history are as poignant, bloody and unnecessary.

This book traces the causes, events and consequences of these events. It will help a peaceful generation for which the bloody birth of modern Ireland is ancient history, to gain a better understanding of the essence of their nation.