This quick reference guide

designed for medical students, physical therapists, physical therapy assistants, residents, chiropractic physicians, physicians and physician assistants, and the independent medical examiners specialized in Family practice, Neurology, Internal Medicine, PM&R, Orthopedic Surgery, and other specialists in Musculoskeletal Medicine and Legal Medicine, as well as Attorneys.

Traditionally muscle and orthopedic tests

described either in different chapters or (most commonly) in different textbooks. The book provides practitioners with a quick, reliable, equipment-free way to test together natural (muscle testing) and special (orthopedic tests) movements.

Organization of tests

Usually in the medical textbooks, all tests are listed in alphabetical order. In this book, tests are described in a logical order rather than in an alphabetical order. For example, all tests for cervical radiculopathy and cervical nerve root compression are grouped together. The optimal combination of the tests based on literature data is provided.

Variations in textbook descriptions

Surprisingly, different textbooks describe even "classical" tests in completely different ways and sometimes under different names. Readers have the clear, non-confusing, and commonly used descriptions of the tests. In some cases, if it seems appropriate, the author's description of the tests is used.

Consistency in test descriptions

All tests are described in a consistent, uniform way: 1. Indications. 2. Patient's position. 3. Technique. 4. Interpretation. Description of some tests has been complemented by the Clinical Notes. The Notes reflect either literature data or the author's own 40+ years of Musculoskeletal Medicine practice.