Introduction

The present collection of poems highlights the traditional way of Indian life that affect the progress of the nation despite that other countries making their progress in all walks of life. But India is known as a progressive country; the main reason is that Indian people believe in magic instead of logic.

Themes and Representation

These poems are the experiences of the poet at a personal level, but these experiences are representation of his society, which is known as Dalit in other words, untouchable. Casteism is a curse to Indian society, and the poet, along with his society, is a victim of this unjust system.

Outwardly, it may seem that the caste has vanished, but it remains in different form which the common man can't see. It is observed in government office, the corrupt bureaucracy has kept it alive by denying the work of untouchables. Some castes are denied the status, the peons are not ready to work for untouchables.

It is very unfortunate that in the twenty-first century, a modern man can see this. The poems highlight the traditional way of Indian life like corruption, logic, and magic. The tone of the poems is satiric; they also appeal for men to change their attitudes in particular as well as men in general.

Historical and Cultural Context

The poems have a historical background. Once, India was a place of knowledge and peace, but due to foreign invasion, it came under the spell of colonialism. Diversity has broken the heart of Indian men and women; they are suffering under the burden of culture and religion.

Autobiographical Elements and Message

The poems are speaking a picture of life; the poems have autobiographical elements. This is the author's first effort to show the reality of human life, especially Indian life. He appeals for everyone to break the geographical boundaries and become one in all parts of this beautiful earth.

Form and Style

These poems are in free verse, but these carry rhythm and music.