£47.99
Fractals
Concepts and Applications in Geosciences
Introduction
This book provides theoretical concepts and applications of fractals and multifractals to a broad range of audiences from various scientific communities, such as petroleum, chemical, civil and environmental engineering, atmospheric research, and hydrology. In the first chapter, we introduce fractals and multifractals from physics and math viewpoints. We then discuss theory and practical applications in detail.
Chapter 2: Fragmentation Process
In what follows, in chapter 2, fragmentation process is modeled using fractals. Fragmentation is the breaking of aggregates into smaller pieces or fragments, a typical phenomenon in nature.
Chapter 3: Fractal Models
In chapter 3, the advantages and disadvantages of two- and three-phase fractal models are discussed in detail. These two kinds of approach have been widely applied in the literature to model different characteristics of natural phenomena.
Chapter 4: Capillary Pressure Models
In chapter 4, two- and three-phase fractal techniques are used to develop capillary pressure curve models, which characterize pore-size distribution of porous media. Percolation theory provides a theoretical framework to model flow and transport in disordered networks and systems.
Chapter 5: Percolation Theory
Therefore, following chapter 4, in chapter 5 the fractal basis of percolation theory and its applications in surface and subsurface hydrology are discussed.
Chapter 6: Fracture Networks
In chapter 6, fracture networks are shown to be modeled using fractal approaches.
Chapter 7: Applications in Petroleum Engineering
Chapter 7 provides different applications of fractals and multifractals to petrophysics and relevant area in petroleum engineering.
Chapter 8: Geostatistics and Atmospheric Characteristics
In chapter 8, we introduce the practical advantages of fractals and multifractals in geostatistics at large scales, which have broad applications in stochastic hydrology and hydrogeology. Multifractals have been also widely applied to model atmospheric characteristics, such as precipitation, temperature, and cloud shape.
Chapter 9: Multifractals in Atmospheric Properties
In chapter 9, these kinds of properties are addressed using multifractals. At watershed scales, river networks have been shown to follow fractal behavior. Therefore, the applications of fractals are addressed in chapter 10.
Chapter 10: Fractals in River Networks
Time series analysis has been under investigations for several decades in physics, hydrology, atmospheric research, civil engineering, and water resources. In chapter 11, we therefore, provide fractal, multifractal, multifractal detrended fluctuation analyses, which can be used to study temporal characterization of a phenomenon, such as flow discharge at a specific location of a river.
Chapter 11: Time Series Analysis
Chapter 12 addresses signals and again time series using a novel fractal Fourier analysis.
Chapter 12: Fractal Fourier Analysis
In chapter 13, we discuss constructal theory, which has a perspective opposite to fractal theories, and is based on optimization of diffusive exchange. In the case of river drainages, for example, the constructal approach begins at the divide and generates headwater streams first, rather than starting from the fundamental drainage pattern.
